What is Toxic Shock Syndrome?

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. Depending on the situation, TSS occurs due to a bacterial Staphylococcus (Staph) infection or A Streptococcus (strep) infection.  Usually the onset of Toxic Shock Syndrome is sudden and is caused by the release of poisonous substances released by the overgrowth of bacteria (WebMd). TSS can strike anyone.

Although this serious condition can affect men, women, and children; typically TSS is associated with menstruating women and the use of super-absorbent tampons. Toxic Shock Syndrome headlined the news in the 1970’s and early 80’s when doctors first described the condition. Subsequent reports identified an association between tampon use and women (MedScape). However, the reports of TSS inm menstruating women have been steadily on the decline since certain tampons have been taken off the market during the 70’s and 80’s. Over 1/3 of the menstruating women that get it are under the age of 19 (WebMD). Furthermore, the birth control methods of cervical caps, diaphragms, and sponges are related to TSS in females. The chances of getting TSS are increased if a women has recently given birth (WebMD).

As previously mentioned, it is not only menstruating women who are at risk for TSS. In fact, nearly 50% of cases are not associated with menstruating women (MedScape). Men can get it if recovering from a wound, burn, surgery, or use of prostatic device.

Toxic Shock Syndrome is a serious condition that could be fatal. The toxins released by the Strep or Staph bacteria can cause a sharp drop in blood pr

essure which can deprive organs, like lungs and heart, of oxygen and lead to death. You can read more about this in my next post regarding causes of Toxic Shock Syndrome.

References:

WebMD. (2015). Understanding Toxic Shock Syndrome—the basics. What is Toxic Shock Syndrome? Web MD; Women’s Health. Retrieved 10, Oct. 2015 from http://www.webmd.com/women/guide/understanding-toxic-shock-syndrome-basics

MedScape. (16, April. 2015). Toxic Shock Syndrome; Background. MedScape: Drugs and Diseases. Retrieved 21, Oct. 2015 from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/169177-overview